Medical therapy can lead to local and systemic side effects and a high percentage of patients have poor adherence (68%). Each treatment option, however, has potential challenges with efficacy, safety, compliance, and cost. Currently, this goal is pursued with one or more of medication, laser treatment, or surgery. The aim of glaucoma therapy is to lower IOP in order to slow or arrest glaucoma progression. The glaucomas are a diverse group of disorders that have in common an intraocular pressure (IOP) sensitive optic neuropathy, which leads to progressive visual field loss.
SLT is an effective and safe treatment modality for OHT, POAG, and PXG among Ethiopian patients either as a first-line treatment or as an adjunct to topical glaucoma treatment. Post-SLT, patients experienced transient ocular pain, brow ache, headache, and/or blurring of vision in 31.6%, anterior chamber reaction in 36.8%, and IOP spike ≥ 6 mmHg in 11.6%. The mean IOP (SD) reduction for patients who were treated for the first time with laser and on antiglaucoma medication was 6.5 ± 3.1 mmHg and 6.8 ± 2.8 mmHg, respectively. The overall IOP reduction at 12 months was 27.6%, and the success rate was 60%. The one-year mean (SD) IOP reduction was 6.7 ± 4.2 mmHg and medication reduction was 0.26 ± 1.34. The mean (SD) baseline IOP and medication were 24.3 ± 2.5 mmHg and 1.29 ± 1.01, respectively. Seventy (73.7%) eyes were on medications, and 25 (26.3%) eyes were treated with laser as primary therapy. A total of 95 eyes of 61 patients with a diagnosis of OAG and OHT were enrolled. Success was defined as an IOP lowering of > 20% from baseline without repeat treatment. Patients on antiglaucoma medication with uncontrolled IOP and those patients treated for the first time with 360 degrees of SLT were included. A prospective, nonrandomized interventional study was conducted at Menelik II Hospital, Ethiopia. To determine the efficacy and safety of SLT among Ethiopian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG), and ocular hypertension (OHT). Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is a safe and effective treatment modality for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP).
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